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Diamond Head Lighthouse When
Captain James Cook sailed the Hawaiian Archipelago in
1778 he saw no man-made aids to navigation. In today's Hawaii
however, hundreds of modern aids such as
lighthouses, buoys and radio beacons are in operation
to assist the sea traveler.
One of the more senior of these Hawaii aids to navigation is the automated Diamond Head Lighthouse, located on a steep cliff on the south side of Oahu. One of the best-known beacon lights in the Pacific, it stands as a sentinel to Honolulu, flashing a welcome to mariners from the east and west. Built on the side of the extinct Diamond Head Volcano, the original lighthouse structure was erected in 1899, and is surpassed in longevity in Hawaii by only the Aloha Tower Light, built in 1870. The original ironwork of the watch room and lantern at Diamond Head are still in use. The present tower, built in 1917, was constructed of reinforced concrete and stands 55 feet high. The original lighting equipment consisted of a 3rd order Fresnel lens and a special multiple-wick kerosene oil lamp, imported from France in 1899. These pieces of equipment were standard throughout the world for lights of this size and importance. The first step in modernization at Diamond
Head Lighthouse was to replace the fixed or steady light with the present day flashing
light. Diamond Head
The commercially-powered light is backed up by a battery-powered light equipped to switch on in case of power outage. An electronic sensing device also monitors the main light and activates the backup light in case of any type of failure. The clocks automatically turn on the equipment at sunset and turn it off at sunrise. A photoelectric cell alarm control system was formerly installed, which caused a bell to ring in the base of the tower and also in the nearby dwelling with the light failed. The system was removed during the war years.
From 1939 to 1945 this dwelling, together
with a small dwelling constructed during this time, served as
the 14th Coast Guard
District Radio Stations. In 1946 the
14th Coast Guard radio station was moved to its present
site in Wahiawa, Hawaii. The large building at the light
station was renovated and has been the
residence of the 14th Coast Guard District
commander since that time. Diamond Head Lighthouse was
placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.
Lighthouses are often thought of as towers of mystique and romantic charm isolated at the foot of storm-tossed waves beating upon the rocky shore. Though the days of the traditional lighthouse keepers are gone, the duty of the lighthouse continues. And like the hundreds of sentinels of the shore, Diamond Head Light stands its watch guiding the weary mariner safely past its rocky shore.
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Lighthouse
has been progressively improved until today it stands as a
modern automated USCG aid to navigation.
Built 147 feet above sea level, Diamond Head Light can be seen
as far away as 18 miles and has an intensity of 60,000
candlepower. The light shows a red sector to warn vessels away
from the reefs off
Waikiki Beach. The large dwelling at Diamond Head Light
was occupied by the superintendent of the 19th Lighthouse
District prior to the merger of the Lighthouse Service
with the Coast Guard in 1939. Operating under the U.S.
Department of Commerce, the 19th District included the Hawaiian
Islands, Midway Island, Guam and American Samoa.
